William m



fimtml l fiance gem I -WILL'IAM M. STUART AND ALBERT J. CHAPMAN, OF ST. CLAIR,

' MICHIGAN.

Letters Patent No. 85,871, dated Jammy 12, 1869.

IMPROVED CEMENT ROOFING.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

St. Clair, in' the State of Michigan, have invented a new and improved Mode of Constructing Fire, Water, and Weather-Proof Roofs for dwellings, stores, warehouses, and all other buildings, and for both flat and inclined roofs; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and-exact description thereof.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe its-mode of construction, composition, andoperation.

We take one barrel of water-lime, eight quarts of plaster of Paris, thiee barrels of coarse, sifted sand,

and mix them, with water, to the consistency of mor-- tar, which will harden in a few hours after being spread, as hereinafter described, on the roof, and form a solid, hard, stone cement. We then put a sheeting, of ordinary or common lumber, on the building, as if preparing for shingling. We then lath the boards with'common lathing, or, which is just as good, We drive shingle or lath-nails all over the roof, using one nail to" every six square inches, letting them project from the boards about aquarter of aninch. \Ve prepare the roof in this way before making or mixing the cement.

We put the aforesaid cement on this boarding and lathing, or nails, with masons trowels, using one coat, or more, of the cement, as the occasion mayirequire. We let this cement harden, and then take coal-tar, or

tar from the refineries of kerosene-oihheat this tan in kettles, and, when it is hot, and while yet in the kettles hot, add fire-proof or mineral -paint, using five pounds of the paint to one gallon of the tar, and then spread this mixture, while hot; on the cement, with a large whitewash-brush.

We also use air slaked quick-lime with the fire-proof paint or mineral paint, to mix with the tar, in .the following proportions: two pounds of the lime, two pounds of the fire-proofmineral paint, with the one gallon of aforesaid We then apply to'this mixture of tarand paint, or tar, paint, and air-slaked quick-lime, at the same time that it is being spread on the cement, sand, salt, and alum, in the proportions of one'barrel of coarse, sifted sand, eight quarts of common salt, and one pound of pulverized alum, throwing the mixture of sand, salt,

and alum on the mixture of tar and paint, or tar, paint, and air-slaked quick-lime, with the hand; and we put on as much of the mixture of sand, salt, and alum as will adhere to the mixture of tar and paint, or tar, paint, and air-slaked lime.

We prepare the sand, salt, and alum by putting the together in a heap, and then mixing them thoroughly with a shovel, after which we sift them through a common sand-sieve.

This coating of tar and paint, or tar, paint, and airslaked quick-lime, with the mixture of sand, salt, and alum, we repeat as often as occasion requires, although We do not deem it necessary to give it more than onecoat.

The mixture of sand, salt, and alum, thrown into What We claim as new, and desire to secure by Let-- ters Patent, isp The roofing-compound, consisting of two separate layers of different compounds, as herein described, laid between nails, and sprinkled with pulverized alum, salt, and sand, when applied in the manner substantially as herein described;

WM,.M. STUART. ALBERT J. CHAPMAN. Witnesses:

J. H. WARNER, E. T. SALIS. 

